IRRATABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) consists of a series of gastrointestinal (GI) problems, which aren’t caused by a physical illness. People with IBS may suffer from stomach pain, extreme abdominal tenderness, diarrhea, constipation, bloating, nausea and other symptoms. Medication has proven relatively ineffective in treating this disorder (Blanchard & Malamood, 1996).
However, psychotherapy has been demonstrated to be more effective in reducing the symptoms of IBS than regular medical treatment (Blanchard, 1993). Among different types of psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) stands out as the treatment of choice.
People with IBS may also experience anxiety and mood disorders. As a result, CBT for IBS uses relaxation training as well as changing negative thoughts, treating both physical and psychological symptoms.
Patients begin by learning how to monitor IBS symptoms and negative thoughts by using a diary form. During early treatment sessions, patients learn about bowel functioning, IBS, and how their symptoms are not "all in their head." Patients then receive training in muscle relaxation to increase their control over their body’s response to stress. Home practice of these techniques is important, and an audiotape may used to assist in guided relaxation. Gradually, patients are taught to use rational self-talk to change the negative thinking that can lead to increased anxiety and IBS. In the final step, they learn to identify and change negative core beliefs that are related to their IBS symptoms.
Although the discomfort of IBS is difficult to treat with drugs and general medical treatment, it can be treated through CBT


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